PRODUCTS

AMMONIUM ACETATE

Ammonium acetate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2.
Ammonium acetate is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Ammonium acetate is widely used in the chemical analysis, in the pharmaceutical industry, the food sector in preserving foods, and in various other industries too.

CAS Number: 631-61-8
EC Number: 211-162-9
Chemical Formula: C2H7NO2
Molar Mass: 77.083 g·mol−1

Synonyms: AMMONIUM ACETATE, 631-61-8, Acetic acid, ammonium salt, Azanium Acetate, acetic acid ammonium salt, ammoniumacetate, azanium;acetate, ammonium ethanoate, AcONH4, Ammonium acetate-D3, CH3COONH4, CH3CO2NH4, UNII-RRE756S6Q2, HSDB 556, RRE756S6Q2, NH4OAc, AMMONIUM ACETICUM, EINECS 211-162-9, AI3-26540, INS No. 264, DTXSID5023873, CHEBI:62947, EC 211-162-9, ammonia acetate, MFCD00013066, E264, E 264, E-264, AMMONIUM ACETATE (II), AMMONIUM ACETATE [II], AMMONIUM ACETATE (MART.), AMMONIUM ACETATE [MART.], amoniumacetate, ammonium-acetate, acetic acid amine, ammonium acetate-, ammonia acetate salt, Ammonium Acetate ACS, AAT (CHRIS Code), AMMONIUM ACETATE [MI], Ammonium acetate solution, 5M, C2H4O2.H3N, DTXCID203873, AMMONIUM ACETATE [HSDB], AMMONIUM ACETATE [INCI], AMMONIUM ACETICUM [HPUS], AMMONIUM ACETATE [WHO-DD], USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N, Acetic acid ammonium salt (1:1), Ammonium acetate, biochemical grade, C2-H4-O2.H3-N, Acetic acid, ammonium salt (1:1), NA9079, AKOS015904610, FT-0622306, EN300-31599, 211-162-9 [EINECS], 631-61-8 [RN], Acétate d'ammonium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Acetic acid, ammonium salt [ACD/Index Name], Ammonium acetate [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki], ammonium ethanoate, Ammoniumacetat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], MFCD00013066 [MDL number], NH4OAc [Formula], 211-162-9MFCD00013066, acetic acid amine, acetic acid ammoniate, AcONH4, ammonia acetate, Ammonium acetatemissing, ammoniumacetate, azanium acetate, azanium and acetate, azanium ethanoate, buffers, E 264, E264, E-264, INS No. 264, OmniPur Ammonium Acetate - CAS 631-61-8 - Calbiochem, OmniPur(R) Ammonium Acetate

Ammonium acetate appears as a white crystalline solid.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.

Immediate steps should be taken to limit Ammonium acetate spread to the environment.
Ammonium acetate is used in chemical analysis, in pharmaceuticals, in preserving foods, and for other uses.

Ammonium acetate is an ammonium salt obtained by reaction of ammonia with acetic acid.
A deliquescent white crystalline solid, Ammonium acetate has a relatively low melting point (114℃) for a salt.

Ammonium acetate is used as a food acidity regulator, although no longer approved for this purpose in the EU.
Ammonium acetate has a role as a food acidity regulator and a buffer.
Ammonium acetate is an acetate salt and an ammonium salt.

Ammonium acetate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Ammonium acetate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Ammonium acetate is a white crystalline solid formed when ammonia reacts with acetic acid.
Ammonium acetate is widely used in the chemical analysis, in the pharmaceutical industry, the food sector in preserving foods, and in various other industries too.
Ammonium acetate is also used as a buffer in topical personal care and cosmetic products in manufacturing skin lotions, shampoos, conditioners and more.

Ammonium acetate or C2H7NO2 appears in the form of a crystalline white solid with a slight acetous odour.
This ammonium salt is derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.

The chemical name of this salt is Ammonium Acetate while it is even known as the spirit of Mindererus on the aqueous form.
The other names of Ammonium Acetate include ammonium ethanoate and Azanium Acetate.

Ammonium acetate is extensively used in the preservation of foods; in pharmaceuticals and the chemical analysis procedure.
Ammonium acetate works most effectively when used in the form of a food acidity regulator.

However, Ammonium acetate is one of the major threats to the atmosphere or the living environment.
Instant measures need to be taken to restricting the spread of this hazardous sale in the environment.

Ammonium acetate is widely utilized as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation.
Ammonium acetate is the primary source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.

Ammonium acetate is used with distilled water to make a protein precipitating reagent.
Ammonium acetate acts as a buffer for electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry of proteins and other molecules and as mobile phases for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Sometimes, Ammonium acetate is used as a biodegradable de-icing agent and an acidity regulator in food additives.

Ammonium acetate is a salt that has interesting chemical properties and due to this reason, the pharmaceutical industry uses Ammonium acetate as an intermediary and raw material in various processes.
Ammonium acetate is a salt that forms from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Also, Ammonium acetate is useful for applications that require buffer solutions.

The Henry reactions are the most common reactions that use ammonium acetate.
In an aqueous solution, Ammonium acetate is a chemical compound that we know by the name spirit of Mindererus or ammonium acetate, which is a white, hygroscopic solid we can derive from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.

Ammonium Acetate has a variety of applications in molecular biology and chromatography.
Ammonium acetate is a useful reagent for the purification and precipitation of DNA and protein.
Ammonium acetate can be used in the HPLC and MS analysis of peptides, oligosaccharides, and proteins.

Uses of Ammonium acetate:
Ammonium acetate is used in explosives, foam rubbers, vinyl plastics, and drugs.
Ammonium acetate is also used for preserving meats, dyeing and stripping, determining lead and iron, and separating lead sulfate from other sulfates.

There are large scale uses of Ammonium acetate.
Ammonium acetate is used in the form of a food acidity regulator.

Ammonium acetate is the food additive used for changing or controlling the alkalinity or acidity of foods.
Ammonium acetate is also widely used in the form of a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation procedure.

Ammonium acetate serves as one of the best sources of ammonia is the Borch reaction during organic synthesis.
Ammonium acetate is used in combination with wholly distilled water for making a kind of protein precipitating reagent.

Ammonium acetate even serves in the form of a buffer for ESI or electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of molecules and proteins and the form of a mobile phase for HPLC or high-performance liquid chromatography.
Quite rarely though, ammonium acetate is even used in the form of a biodegradable de-icing agent.

Ammonium acetate even works best when used as a diuretic.
Ammonium acetate tends to be unstable at low pressure, and this is why Ammonium acetate is used for substituting cell buffers with different non-explosive salts in the preparation of mass spectrometry samples.

Other important uses of Ammonium acetate include:
Ammonium acetate is used in the manufacture of explosives.
Ammonium acetate is used for making foam rubber.

Ammonium acetate is used for preserving meat.Used for manufacturing vinyl plastics.
Ammonium acetate is used in different agricultural products.

In analytical chemistry, Ammonium acetate is used in the form of a reagent.
Ammonium acetate is used as a reagent in different dialysis procedures for the elimination of contaminants through diffusion.
In agricultural chemistry, ammonium acetate, when used as a reagent, helps in determining soil CEC or cation exchange capacity along with the availability of potassium in the soil.

Ammonium acetate is the main precursor to acetamide:
NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O

Ammonium acetate is also used as a diuretic.

Buffer:
As the salt of a weak acid and a weak base, ammonium acetate is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium acetate is volatile at low pressures.
Because of this, Ammonium acetate has been used to replace cell buffers that contain non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry.

Ammonium acetate is also popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ELSD detection for this reason.
Other volatile salts that have been used for this include ammonium formate.

When dissolving ammonium acetate in pure water, the resulting solution typically has a pH of 7, because the equal amounts of acetate and ammonium neutralize each other.
However, ammonium acetate is a dual component buffer system, which buffers around pH 4.75 ± 1 (acetate) and pH 9.25 ± 1 (ammonium), but Ammonium acetate has no significant buffer capacity at pH 7, contrary to common misconception.

Other:
Ammonium acetate is a biodegradable de-icing agent.
Ammonium acetate is a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.

Ammonium acetate is a protein precipitating reagent in dialysis to remove contaminants via diffusion.
Ammonium acetate is a reagent in agricultural chemistry for determination of soil CEC (cation exchange capacity) and determination of available potassium in soil wherein the ammonium ion acts as a replacement cation for potassium.
Ammonium acetate is part of Calley's method for lead artifact conservation

Food additive:
Ammonium acetate is also used as a food additive as an acidity regulator; INS number 264.
Ammonium acetate is approved for usage in Australia and New Zealand.[10]

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Ammonium acetate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and fertilisers.
Ammonium acetate is used in the following areas: health services, scientific research and development, agriculture, forestry and fishing and building & construction work.
Ammonium acetate is used for the manufacture of: food products and textile, leather or fur.

Release to the environment of Ammonium acetate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Other release to the environment of Ammonium acetate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use as processing aid, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).

Uses at industrial sites:
Ammonium acetate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, leather treatment products and textile treatment products and dyes.
Ammonium acetate is used in the following areas: health services, scientific research and development and building & construction work.

Ammonium acetate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, food products and fabricated metal products.
Release to the environment of Ammonium acetate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and in the production of articles.

Industry Uses:
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Catalyst
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not otherwise specified
pH regulating agent

Consumer Uses:
Ammonium acetate is used in the following products: perfumes and fragrances and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Ammonium acetate is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.

Other Consumer Uses:
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Other (specify)
Photosensitive chemicals

Applications of Ammonium acetate:
Ammonium acetate is widely utilized as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation.
Ammonium acetate is the primary source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.

Structural Formula of Ammonium acetate:
As Ammonium Acetate salt is constituted of a weak acid and a weak base and is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium acetate chemical component is volatile at low pressures because Ammonium acetate has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing the chemical samples.

Production of Ammonium acetate:
Ammonium acetate is produced by the neutralization of acetic acid with ammonium carbonate or by saturating glacial acetic acid with ammonia.
Obtaining crystalline ammonium acetate is difficult on account of Ammonium acetate hygroscopic nature.

Two methods can be used for obtaining Ammonium acetate, and they are:
Through the saturation of glacial acetic acid or CH3COOH with NH3 or ammonia.
Through the neutralization of acetic acid with (NH4)2CO3 or ammonium carbonate.

These are the two basic methods used for obtaining ammonium acetate, though some new methods have also surfaced in recent years.
Ammonium acetate functions in the form of an acetamide precursor.

This results in a reaction that follows like this:
NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C (O) NH2 + H2O

General Manufacturing Information of Ammonium acetate:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing

Occurrence of Ammonium acetate:
In nature, ammonium acetate is not present in a free compound state.
But, ammonium and acetate ions are present in many biochemical processes.

Properties of Ammonium acetate:

Physical Properties:
Ammonium acetate is a hygroscopic white solid with a slightly acidic odor.
Furthermore, Ammonium acetate melting point is 113oC.
Also, Ammonium acetate is highly soluble in water and Ammonium acetate density in this liquid is 1.17 g/mL-1.

Chemical Properties:
Ammonium acetate is a slat of a weak acid (acetic acid) and a weak base (ammonia).
Use this salt with acetic acid to prepare a buffer solution that will regulate Ammonium acetate pH.
Nevertheless, Ammonium acetate use as a buffering agent is not very extensive because ammonium acetate can be volatile in low pressures.

History of Ammonium acetate:
The synonym Spirit of Mindererus is named after R. Minderer, a physician from Augsburg.

Handling and storage of Ammonium acetate:

Precautions for safe handling:
Provide adequate ventilation.
When not in use, keep containers tightly closed.

Advice on general occupational hygiene:
Keep away from food, drink and animal feedingstuffs.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Store in a dry place.
Keep container tightly closed.
Hygroscopic solid.

Incompatible substances or mixtures:
Observe hints for combined storage.

Protect against external exposure, such as:
humidity

Consideration of other advice:
Specific designs for storage rooms or vessels

Recommended storage temperature: 15–25 °C

Specific end use(s):
No information available.

Stability and Reactivity of Ammonium acetate:

Reactivity:
Ammonium acetate is not reactive under normal ambient conditions.

Chemical stability:
Moisture-sensitive.
Hygroscopic solid.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:

Violent reaction with:
Strong oxidiser, Hypochlorites, Gold compound.

Conditions to avoid:
Protect from moisture.

Incompatible materials:
There is no additional information.

First Aid Measures of Ammonium acetate:

INHALATION:
Remove victim to fresh air; rinse nose and mouth with water.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

INGESTION:
Induce vomiting immediately. Give large amounts of water.

EYES:
Flush with water for at least 15 min.

SKIN:
Flush with soap and water.

General notes:
Take off contaminated clothing.

Following inhalation:
Provide fresh air.
In all cases of doubt, or when symptoms persist, seek medical advice.

Following skin contact:
Rinse skin with water/shower.

Following eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
In all cases of doubt, or when symptoms persist, seek medical advice.

Following ingestion:
Rinse mouth.
Call a doctor if you feel unwell.

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed:
Nausea, Vomiting, Spasms, Circulatory collapse.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
none.

Firefighting measures of Ammonium acetate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
co-ordinate firefighting measures to the fire surroundings water, foam, alcohol resistant foam, dry extinguishing powder, ABC-powder.

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
water jet

Special hazards arising from Ammonium acetate or mixture:
None.

Hazardous combustion products:

In case of fire may be liberated:
Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Advice for firefighters:
In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes.
Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Accidental Release Measures of Ammonium acetate:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

For non-emergency personnel:
No special measures are necessary.

Environmental precautions:
Keep away from drains, surface and ground water.

Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:

Advice on how to contain a spill:
Covering of drains.
Take up mechanically.

Advice on how to clean up a spill:
Take up mechanically.

Other information relating to spills and releases:
Place in appropriate containers for disposal.
Ventilate affected area.

Preventive Measures of Ammonium acetate:
The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting.
The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon Ammonium acetate, but also on factors including the form of Ammonium acetate, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses.
However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye.

In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn.
In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Identifiers of Ammonium acetate:
CAS Number: 631-61-8
ChEBI: CHEBI:62947
ChemSpider: 11925
ECHA InfoCard: 100.010.149
EC Number: 211-162-9
PubChem CID: 517165
RTECS number: AF3675000
UNII: RRE756S6Q2
UN number: 3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5023873
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4O2.H3N/c1-2(3)4;/h1H3,(H,3,4);1H3
Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2H4O2.H3N/c1-2(3)4;/h1H3,(H,3,4);1H3
Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES: O=C([O-])C.[N+H4]

Synonyms: Ammonium acetate
Linear Formula: CH3CO2NH4
CAS Number: 631-61-8
Molecular Weight: 77.08
EC Number: 211-162-9

CAS number: 631-61-8
EC number: 211-162-9
Grade: ACS,Reag. Ph Eur
Hill Formula: C₂H₇NO₂
Chemical formula: CH₃COONH₄
Molar Mass: 77.08 g/mol
HS Code: 2915 29 00

Properties of Ammonium acetate:
Chemical formula: C2H7NO2
Molar mass: 77.083 g·mol−1
Appearance: White solid crystals, deliquescent
Odor: Slightly acetic acid like
Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C)
1.073 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K)
Solubility in water: 102 g/100 mL (0 °C)
148 g/100 mL (4 °C)
143 g/100 mL (20 °C)
533 g/100 mL (80 °C)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, SO2, acetone, liquid ammonia
Solubility in methanol: 7.89 g/100 mL (15 °C)
131.24 g/100 g (94.2 °C)
Solubility in dimethylformamide: 0.1 g/100 g
Acidity (pKa): 9.9
Basicity (pKb): 33
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -41.1·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity: 21

Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting Point: 114 °C
pH value: 6.7 - 7.3 (50 g/l, H₂O, 25 °C)
Vapor pressure: <0.001 hPa
Bulk density: 410 kg/m3
Solubility: 1480 g/l

Color: Colorless
Density: 1.170 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Form: Solid
Grade: Reagent Grade
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, Strong acids
Melting Point/Range: 113 °C
Purity Percentage: 99.99
Purity Details: ≥99.99%
Solubility in Water: 1.480 g/l (20 °C)
pH-Value: 6.7-7.3 (20 °C)
Storage Temperature: Ambient

Molecular Weight: 77.08 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 77.047678466 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 77.047678466 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 41.1Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Complexity: 25.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Ammonium acetate:
Assay (acidimetric): ≥ 98.0 %
Insoluble matter: ≤ 0.005 %
pH-value (5 %; water, 25 °C): 6.7 - 7.3
Chloride (Cl): ≤ 0.0005 %
Nitrate (NO₃): ≤ 0.001 %
Sulfate (SO₄): ≤ 0.001 %
Heavy metals (as Pb): ≤ 0.0002 %
Ca (Calcium): ≤ 0.001 %
Fe (Iron): ≤ 0.0002 %
Substances reducing potassium permanganate (as formic acid): ≤ 0.005 %
Residue on ignition (as sulfate): ≤ 0.01 %
Water: ≤ 2.0 %

Appearance of Ammonium acetate: complying
Identity (IR): complying
Assay: Min. 97.0 %
pH (5 %, 25 °C): 6.7 - 7.3
Sulfated ash: Max. 0.01 %
Water insoluble matter: Max. 0.005 %
Metal trace analysis (ICP): Max. 100 ppm
Iron (Fe): Max. 5 ppm
Heavy metals (as Pb): Max. 5 ppm
Chloride (Cl): Max. 5 ppm
Nitrate (NO3): Max. 0.001 %
Sulfate (SO4): Max. 0.001 %

Structure of Ammonium acetate:
Crystal structure: Orthorhombic

Thermochemistry of Ammonium acetate:
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −615 kJ/mol[2]

Related Products of Ammonium acetate:
Diphenyltin Dichloride
Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphite
1,1'-Diisooctyl Ester 2,2'-[(Dioctylstannylene)bis(thio)]bis-acetic Acid (Technical Grade)
Diphenylsilane-D2
4-ethynyl-α,α-diphenyl-Benzenemethanol

Names of Ammonium acetate:

Regulatory process names:
Ammonium acetate
Ammonium acetate
ammonium acetate

IUPAC names:
acetic acid ammonium salt
Acetic acid, ammonium salt
Acetic Acid, Ammonium Salt, Ammonium ethanoate
Acetic acid; azane
acetic acid; azane
AMMONIUM ACETATE
Ammonium Acetate
Ammonium acetate
ammonium acetate
Ammonium Acetate
Ammonium acetate
Ammonium ethanoate
azanium acetate
azanium;acetate

Trade names:
AMMONIUM ACETATE
Ammonium Acetate

Other identifiers:
1066-32-6
631-61-8
8013-61-4
856326-79-9
858824-31-4
92206-38-7