CAPRYLYL GLYCOL

Synonyms:
Caprililglicol;  Caprylylglykol;  Glicole caprilico; CAPRYLYL GLYCOL; Octane-1,2-diol; 1,2-DIHYDROXYOCTANE, 1,2-OCTANEDIOL, 1,2-OCTYLENE GLYCOL, 1,2OCTANEDIOL, CAPRYL GLYCOL, CAPRYLYL GLYCOL, and OCTANE-1,2-DIOL CAS NO:1117-86-8; 1,2-Octanediol; Caprylyl glycol; Glycol caprylyl; 1,2-Dihydroxyoctane; 1,2-Octylene glycol; 1,2-OCTANEDIOL; octane-1,2-diol; 1117-86-8; 1,2-Dihydroxyoctane; 1,2-Octylene glycol; caprylyl glycol; Capyryl Glycol; CHEBI:34056; MFCD00010738; 1,2-Octanediol, >99%; 1,2-Octanediol, 98+%; EINECS 214-254-7; NSC 71546; racemic 1,2-octanediol; AI3-13058; ACMC-2099as; 1,2-Octanediol, 98%; C14273; CAPRYLYL GLYCOL; CAPRİLİL GLYCOL; kapril glikol; kaprilil glikol; capril glykol;  capril glycol;  kapril glykol; КАПРИЛИЛГЛИКОЛЬ; KAPRIL GLIKOL; KAPRILIL GLIKOL ; CAPRİL GLİKOL; CAPRİLİL GLİKOL

CAPRYLYL GLYCOL

Identifiers
CAS Number    
1117-86-8 check
3D model (JSmol)    
Interactive image
ChEBI    
CHEBI:34056
ChemSpider    
13595
ECHA InfoCard    100.012.959

Properties
Chemical formula    C8H18O2
Molar mass    146.227 g/mol
Appearance    White semi-solid
Melting point    30 to 35 °C (86 to 95 °F; 303 to 308 K)
Boiling point    140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) at 16 mmHg

1,2-Octanediol, also known as caprylyl glycol, is a diol with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)5CHOHCH2OH.

It is a common component of many creams and ointments, where it is used as a skin conditioning agent. It is also noted to have some antimicrobial (preserving) ability.

CAPRYLYL GLYCOL
Caprylyl Glycol acts as a humectant and skin conditioning agent that imparts moisturization and emollience to many personal care products. It also functions as a stabilizer and increases the antimicrobial activity of other preservatives thereby increasing the shelf life of a product. It is used in skin care and make-up cosmetics such as moisturizers, sunscreens, cleanser, lip-gloss and foundation.
CAPRYLYL GLYCOL is classified as :
Emollient
Hair conditioning
Humectant
Skin conditioning
CAS Number    1117-86-8
EINECS/ELINCS No:    214-254-7
COSING REF No:    74860
Chem/IUPAC Name:    Octane-1,2-diol

Caprylyl glycol is an ingredient that's frequently found in personal care products. But thanks to its nearly unpronounceable name, you might instinctively raise a brow when you find it on ingredient decks. Don't worry, though—this tongue twister of a compound is on your side. Here, we explain what it is and why it's used in so many formulas.

What is caprylyl glycol?
Caprylyl glycol is an alcohol that comes from a caprylic acid, a type of fatty acid. (Caprylic acid is a natural component of coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and the milk of some mammals.) But don't let the "alcohol" part scare you. Since it comes from a fatty acid, caprylyl glycol is the kind of alcohol that isn't sensitizing or drying.

Structurally, caprylyl glycol is a long chain of eight carbons. It's a diol (or glycol), which means it has two hydroxyl groups. (A hydroxyl group is simply an oxygen bonded with a hydrogen; it's what makes this compound an alcohol.) One is located on the first carbon, and another is on the second. Thus, it's also called 1,2-octanediol. The 1,2- indicates the positions of the hydroxyl groups, while the octo- prefix refers to the number of carbons.

Caprylyl glycol takes the form of a liquid. According to board-certified dermatologist Loretta Ciraldo, M.D., FAAD, it has a slightly sweet scent and neutral color. On ingredient decks, it's also listed as capryl glycol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,2-dihydroxyoctane, 1,2-octylene glycol, or octane-1,2-diol.

Summary
Caprylyl glycol is used as a safer preservative in skin care products. It comes from a caprylic acid, a type of fatty acid that is a natural component of coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and the milk of some mammals.

What is caprylyl glycol used for in skin care?
In skin care, "this ingredient is a true multitasker," says Ciraldo. It's mainly used to improve the composition and shelf life of nontoxic formulas, but it has some benefits for the skin too. Here's a look at its many talents: 

1. It fights bacteria. 
Due to their water content, skin care products are the perfect breeding ground for bacteria. But when ingredients like caprylyl glycol are added to the mix, you can rest easy knowing that your formulas are safe. The compound exhibits moderate antibacterial activity, which reduces your risk of developing a skin infection. Phew. 

2. It acts as a preservative. 
The antibacterial effects of caprylyl glycol also delay the risk for spoilage. This extends a product's shelf-life, says Ciraldo, allowing you to get the most out of it. In fact, caprylyl glycol is frequently used to replace conventional (and questionable) preservatives like parabens and formaldehyde releasers.  

It can't work alone, though. "In skin care formulations, preservative systems should work against overgrowth of both fungus and bacteria," explains Ciraldo. "Caprylyl glycol only works to stop bacterial overgrowth," so it's typically used with other safe preservatives like phenoxyethanol, a low-risk alternative for parabens. 

3. It moisturizes the skin.
Caprylyl glycol is a humectant agent, notes Ciraldo. That means it hydrates your complexion by attracting—and retaining—water. It also has conditioning properties, so it softens the skin and hair. For this reason, caprylyl glycol is commonly added to moisturizing products like hair conditioners and eye creams.

4. It improves the application of a product.
Caprylyl glycol is amphiphilic—a fancy word for a chemical with hydrophilic (water-loving) and lipophilic (fat-loving) parts. The hydrophilic portions interact with water, while the lipophilic portions interact with fat. This reduces the surface tension between water and oil, making it ideal for emulsifying formulas with both ingredients. The result? A product that spreads like a dream.

Bonus: With its neutral scent and color, caprylyl glycol won't mess with the original formula. It's also very stable when added to products, says Ciraldo.

Are there side effects?
Caprylyl glycol is rarely associated with side effects, notes Ciraldo. Plus, according to the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel, caprylyl glycol is considered safe. One study also found that a gel with capyryl glycol and 1,2-hexanediol (a similar preservative) doesn't cause skin sensitivity. 

"Another glycol, [called] propylene glycol, is a common sensitizer," Ciraldo adds. "Sometimes consumers mistakenly believe that all glycols are the same—but this is not the case."

However, even alternative preservatives like caprylyl glycol aren't 100% risk-free. Some people may still develop adverse side effects like irritation or sensitivity after using it. These instances are uncommon, though, and typically happen after applying the ingredient at unusually high concentrations. Luckily, caprylyl glycol is diluted when added to skin care products, so the amount present is low. This reduced concentration—along with correct application according to a product's directions—should keep unpleasant side effects at bay.

The takeaway. 
Caprylyl glycol is one of those ingredients that works behind the scenes. Instead of fueling the main intent of a product, it works by extending shelf life and enhancing application. You can find it in a variety of formulas, including sunscreens, shampoos, lipsticks, and bronzers. 

Whether you know it or not, caprylyl glycol, a mouthful of an ingredient, is probably in a good amount of the skincare products you’re already using—and you probably don't even know why. An alcohol derived from a fatty acid (more on that in a minute), caprylyl glycol is a humectant—a hydrating ingredient that works by attracting water to and holding it in the skin. (Other, more widely-known humectants include hyaluronic acid and glycerin.) Unlike those more popular options however, caprylyl glycol also has preservative-like properties, which is why formulators seeking to increase the shelf life of their products often use it. 

While it’s not necessarily an ingredient you need to seek out on its own, it’s at least nice to know what it’s doing and how it’s working, particularly given that it's found in such a wide and varied array of products. Ahead, dermatologist Dan Belkin, MD, of Laser Skin & Surgery Center of New York, dermatologist Sapna Palep, MD, of Spring Street Dermatology in New York City, and Sheel Desai Solomon, MD, a dermatologist in Raleigh-Durhamn, North Carolina explain just that.

CAPRYLYL GLYCOL

TYPE OF INGREDIENT: Moisturizer

MAIN BENEFITS: Attracts water to and holds it in the skin, but also has preservative-like properties that can help prevent other ingredients from spoiling and extend the shelf life of the product, says Palep. It also helps products spread and absorb more easily into skin, says Belkin.

WHO SHOULD USE IT: Generally speaking, it works well for all skin types, especially those looking to keep their skin smooth and moisturized.

HOW OFTEN YOU CAN USE IT: This is largely dependent on the product within your regimen that contains capryl glycol in the formula, says Solomon. Generally speaking, moisturizers and lotions can be used throughout the day, but in case there's another active ingredient in there that may cause irritation with multiple uses, the safest thing is to follow particular product instructions.

WORKS WELL WITH: It is often used with other ingredients known to hydrate the skin, such as honey, aloe, and hyaluronic acid, says Solomon.

DON'T USE WITH: As a rule, it can be used with most other ingredients.

What is Caprylyl Glycol?
Caprylyl glycol is an alcohol derived from caprylic acid, which is found naturally found in palm and coconut oils. Formulators love it for a few different reasons: One, it improves the spreadability and ultimately the feel of a product on your skin. Two, because it's antimicrobial, it has preservative-like properties, says Belkin. “It is a multifunctional cosmetic ingredient that can replace traditional preservatives, such as parabens or formaldehyde releasers,” he says. Similarly, it actually makes other preservatives work better; caprylyl glycol has been shown to increase the antimicrobial activity of other preservatives, says Palep. As such, it acts as a stabilizer to boost shelf life and helps prevent other ingredients from spoiling," says Palep.

Benefits of Caprylyl Glycol for Skin
While cosmetic chemists love the ingredient for its formulation benefits, the benefits to skin are limited. Caprylyl glycol is a humectant, meaning it's a substance that helps the skin retain water. "Humectants are used in the formulation of lotions, moisturizers, and cleansers in order to help lock in moisture," explains Solomon. "This is important to prevent dry skin while also slowing down signs of aging. As the skin loses moisture, we begin to see more lines, wrinkles, and sagging. Using skincare products with caprylyl glycol can help attract moisture to the skin, resulting in a smoother, softer complexion with decreased wrinkles and a more plump appearance."

Side Effects of Caprylyl Glycol
The biggest potential drawback is irritation, though that is most likely to occur when used at a very high concentration. Generally speaking, in most products, caprylyl glycol is diluted enough to not cause any issues, notes Belkin. Solomon adds that The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has assessed this ingredient as safe, and that it's also considered safe to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

How to Use It
Since this is more of a supporting actor rather than protagonist, don’t let it dictate how you’re using a product. In other words, usage should be based on the more active ingredients in a product, rather than this add-on. Your best bet? Follow the directions of the product you're using.

"This moisturizing renewal cream contains glycolic acid, along with shea butter and oils," says Palep. She adds that it's a great exfoliator, but, because it has those hydrating ingredients, won't dry out skin. Still, it's best reserved for those with normal to dry complexions and who aren't prone to acne.

Solomon recommends this mega-moisturizing mask: "It's a hydrating heavy hitter boasting hyaluronic acid, aloe, and caprylyl glycol to seal in moisture," she says. Plus, it also smooths the appearance of fine lines, all while gently brightening and evening out your complexion, she points out. FYI, it's also available in a set with the brand's Mega Greens Galaxy Pack, a duo Byrdie editors think delivers spa-like results.

If we've said it once, we've said it ten thousand times: You must, must, must wear a sunscreen with broad-spectrum protection (at least an SPF 30), 365 days per year. No ifs, ands, or buts about it. Solomon recommends this daily option, which she likes for the addition of soothing hydrators and mineral sunscreen that make it ideal for sensitive complexions.

This ceramide- and squalane-rich moisturizer with alpha and beta hydroxy acids helps treat pores, wrinkles, and refine texture, says Palep, who adds that it also works well for all skin types. We're big fans of the fact that it pulls double-duty, simultaneously gently exfoliating (thank you, acids) while also leaving skin silky smooth and hydrated. Try it if you, like Byrdie editors, are a fan of the cult-classic peel pads from this brand.

Solomon likes that this single-use sheet mask is infused with hydrating coconut water, hyaluronic acid, and cucumber extract. It also touts antioxidants to leave your complexion glowy, and the bio-cellulose material hugs and sticks well to your face, so there's no need to worry about it slipping and sliding.

Dealing with super duper, almost painfully dry skin? Solomon suggests reaching for this intense treatment. Deeply nourishing for chronically dry, dehydrated skin, it helps replenish natural moisture levels, protecting your skin against all kinds of environmental saboteurs, she says. Think harsh weather, pollution, you name it. Also nice: It contains no artificial fragrance or color.

"This moisturizes, restores, replenishes, and calms the skin," says Solomon of this mask from the buzz-worthy brand. Credit all kinds of humectants—glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and caprylyl glycol included—among a long list of other moisturizing ingredients. Use it as a mask and tissue off after about 20 minutes (no rinsing need), in lieu of night cream a few times per week, or before a flight as a way to help keep skin from getting dehydrated while you're up in the air.

Caprylyl Glycol

Caprylyl Glycol is a humectant that can also boost or aid the preservation of cosmetic formulations. It can be used in combination with certain ingredients to achieve self-preserving formulations.Caprylyl Glycolcreates a biostatic environment that prevents growth of microorganisms. It is primarily effective against bacteria and can be combined with a yeast & mold control agent, like Spectrastat™ CHA (Caprylhydroxamic Acid) for broad spectrum protection. Caprylyl Glycol melts at approximately 30°C to 35°C and contributes a smooth, dry sensory characteristic to skincare products. Caprylyl Glycol is a multi-functional emollient, moisturizer, and wetting agent which can be used in cosmetic emulsion systems such as skin care creams and lotions or in surfactant based products such as shower gels, facial cleansers, and shampoos. Caprylyl Glycol be used at concentrations of 0.5% - 1.0% w/w. When used in emulsions, it is recommended that it be incorporated into the water phase. Caprylyl Glycol is also soluble in oils and may be used in anhydrous formulas. Caprylyl Glycol is listed in the China FDA IECIC inventory.

Molecular Weight of Caprylyl Glycol    146.23 g/mol    Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
XLogP3 of Caprylyl Glycol    1.8    Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Caprylyl Glycol    2    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Caprylyl Glycol    2    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Rotatable Bond Count of Caprylyl Glycol    6    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Exact Mass of Caprylyl Glycol    146.13068 g/mol    Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Monoisotopic Mass of Caprylyl Glycol    146.13068 g/mol    Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Topological Polar Surface Area of Caprylyl Glycol    40.5 Ų    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Heavy Atom Count of Caprylyl Glycol    10    Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge of Caprylyl Glycol    0    Computed by PubChem
Complexity of Caprylyl Glycol    64.3    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Isotope Atom Count of Caprylyl Glycol    0    Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Caprylyl Glycol    0    Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Caprylyl Glycol    1    Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Caprylyl Glycol    0    Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Caprylyl Glycol    0    Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Caprylyl Glycol    1    Computed by PubChem
Compound  of Caprylyl Glycol Is Canonicalized    Yes