CAPRIC ACID (C8-10)

Capric acid (C8-10), also known as decanoic acid is a C10 saturated fatty acid.
Capric acid (C8-10) is a straight-chain carboxylic acid with ten carbon atoms (chemical formula: C10H20O2) and is considered a medium-chain fatty acid because of its relatively shorter carbon chain compared to long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs).
Capric acid (C8-10) has a role as an antibacterial agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, a human metabolite, a volatile oil component, a plant metabolite and an algal metabolite. 

IUPAC name: Decanoic acid
CAS Number: 334-48-5
EC Number: 206-376-4
Molecular Formula: C10H20O2

Other names: Decanoic acid, capric acid, 334-48-5, n-Decanoic acid, n-Capric acid, Decoic acid, Decylic acid, Caprinic acid, n-Decylic acid, 1-Nonanecarboxylic acid, Caprynic acid, n-Decoic acid, Hexacid 1095, decanoate, Econosan Acid Sanitizer, NSC 5025, FEMA No. 2364, C10:0, Dekansaeure, Emery 659, Kaprinsaeure, CCRIS 4610, HSDB 2751, EINECS 206-376-4, UNII-4G9EDB6V73, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 128955, BRN 1754556, 4G9EDB6V73, Lead caprate, DTXSID9021554, Prifac 296, CHEBI:30813, AI3-04453, Prifac 2906, NSC-5025, MFCD00004441, Lunac 10-95, Lunac 10-98, PRIFAC-2906, DTXCID201554, PALMAC-99-10, NSC5025, caprynate, decoate, decylate, 4-02-00-01041 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), n-caprate, n-decoate, n-decylate, NCGC00091320-02, 1-nonanecarboxylate, Decanoic acid anion, DKA, CH3-(CH2)8-COOH, CH3-[CH2]8-COOH, Versatic 10, CAS-334-48-5, caprinsaure, decansaure, Decansaeure, Docansaure, Decatoic acid, 1-decanoic acid, nonanecarboxylic acid, fatty acid 10:0, Prifrac 296, Prifrac 2906, bmse000370, SCHEMBL2682, WLN: QV9, MLS002415724, IS_D19-DECANOIC ACID, (1(1)(3)C)Decanoic acid, CHEMBL107498, GTPL5532, NAA 102, HMS2267B15, Tox21_113533, Tox21_202209, Tox21_300366, LMFA01010010, s6906, STL445666, AKOS000119623, CS-W016025, DB03600, FA 10:0, HY-W015309, NCGC00091320-01, NCGC00091320-03, NCGC00091320-04, NCGC00091320-05, NCGC00254437-01, NCGC00259758-01, AS-14704, BP-27911, FA(10:0), SMR001252255, SY061635, D0017, FT-0665532, FT-0665533, EN300-19724, C-1095, C01571, D70225, A875289, Q422613, W-202368, Z104474944, B1334-066368, 98230577-0D20-4F70-B532-00AC60132CFE

Capric acid (C8-10) is a saturated fatty acid, medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), and carboxylic acid.
Capric acid (C8-10) is formula is CH3(CH2)8COOH. 
Salts and esters of Capric acid (C8-10) are called caprates or decanoates. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a medium-chain fatty acid. 
The term Capric acid (C8-10) is derived from the Latin "caper / capra" (goat) because the sweaty, unpleasant smell of the compound is reminiscent of goats.
Capric acid (C8-10) is a C10, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is a conjugate acid of a decanoate. 
Capric acid (C8-10) derives from a hydride of a decane.

Capric acid (C8-10), also known as decanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid that belongs to a class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). 
Capric acid (C8-10) is a saturated fatty acid with a 10-carbon backbone. 
Capric acid (C8-10) occurs naturally in coconut oils, palm kernel oil, and the milk of cow/goat.

Capric acid (C8-10) is most commonly used in the cosmetic and personal care, food/beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is also used as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. 
Furthermore, Capric acid (C8-10) is used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of lubricants, greases, rubber, plastics, and dyes.

Capric acid (C8-10) is a medium-chain fatty acid found in saturated fats. 
Small amounts are present in cow's milk and goat's milk, but it is abundant in tropical oils such as coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Capric acid (C8-10) is a fatty acid that is found naturally in coconut and breast milk. 

This saturated fatty acid, also known as octanoic acid, is also present in butter and palm oil. 
Find out about the health benefits of caprylic acid and Capric acid (C8-10).
Capric acid (C8-10), is a saturated fatty acid. 

Capric acid (C8-10) occurs naturally in coconut oil (about 10%) and palm kernel oil (about 4 %), otherwise it is uncommon in typical seed oils. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is found in the milk of various mammals and to a lesser extent in other animal fats.
Two other acids are named after goats: caproic (a C6 fatty acid) and caprylic (a C8 fatty acid). 

Along with decanoic acid, these total 15 % in goat milk fat.
Capric acid (C8-10) is a ten-carbon, saturated fatty acid.
Capric acid (C8-10) is present in palm kernel, coconut fat and in milk fat.

Reported found in apple, beer, preferments of bread, butter, oil, cheese, blue cheese, Romano cheese, cheddar cheese, Roquefort cheese, roasted cocoa bean, cognac, muscat grape, grape musts and wine, and other natural sources. 
Also reported in citrus peel oils, orange juice, apricots, guava, papaya, strawberry, butter, yogurt, milk, mutton, hop oil, Bourbon and Scotch whiskey, rum, coffee, mango and tea.
Capric acid (C8-10) is helpful in the attenuation of oxidative stress. 

Capric acid (C8-10) in ketogenic diet is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis thereby enhancing the citrate synthase and complex I activity of electron transport chain.
Capric acid (C8-10) has strong antiviral and antimicrobial properties. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is converted into monocaprin in the body, where it can help combat viruses, bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans.

Capric acid (C8-10) is a short-chain, saturated acid occurring naturally in palm and coconut oils, as well as certain types of milk. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is used for a variety of industrial and manufacturing processes. 
Also known as C10 fatty acid and Capric acid (C8-10), Capric acid (C8-10) is commonly derived from both vegetable and animal sources.

Capric acid (C8-10) is mainly obtained from fractionation of a lauric-type oil. 
The product obtained has a freezing point of 31 ° C. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is solid at room temperature, white opaque and with a characteristic pungent odor.

Fractionated fatty acids are mainly applied to the manufacture of: Amines, esters, fatty alcohols, peroxides, fragrances, flavors, surface finishing, lubricants, metal soaps, cosmetics, animal feed, paper, plastics, detergents, chemicals, resins and coatings.
Capric acid (C8-10) is a member of the series of fatty acids found in oils and animal fats. 
The names of caproic, caprylic, and Capric acid (C8-10)s are all derived from the word caper (Latin for goat). 

These fatty acids are light yellowish transparent oily liquids with a sweaty, unpleasant aroma that is reminiscent of goats. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in the manufacture of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is also used as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is used in organic synthesis and industrially in the manufacture of perfumes, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes, plastics, food additives and pharmaceuticals.
Capric acid (C8-10) occurs naturally in coconut oil (about 10%) and palm kernel oil (about 4%), otherwise it is uncommon in typical seed oils. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is found in the milk of various mammals and to a lesser extent in other animal fats. 

Capric acid (C8-10), caproic acid (a C6:0 fatty acid) and caprylic acid (a C8:0 fatty acid) account for about 15% of the fatty acids in goat milk fat. 
Capric acid (C8-10) may be responsible for the mitochondrial proliferation associated with the ketogenic diet, which may occur via PPARgamma receptor agonism and the targeting of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis.

The term Capric acid (C8-10) is derived from the Latin "caper / capra" (goat) because the sweaty, unpleasant smell of the compound is reminiscent of goats.
Capric acid (C8-10) occurs naturally in coconut oil (about 10%) and palm kernel oil (about 4%), otherwise it is uncommon in typical seed oils. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is found in the milk of various mammals and to a lesser extent in other animal fats. 

Two other acids are named after goats: caproic (a C6 fatty acid) and caprylic (a C8 fatty acid). 
Along with decanoic acid, these total 15% in goat milk fat. 
Capric acid (C8-10) can be prepared from oxidation of primary alcohol dacanol by using chromium trioxide (CrO3) oxidant under acidic conditions.

Neutralization of decanoic acid or saponification of its esters, typically triglycerides, with sodium hydroxide will give sodium decanoate. 
This salt (CH3(CH2)8COO−Na+) is a component of some types of soap. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in the manufacture of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is also used as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in organic synthesis and industrially in the manufacture of perfumes, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes, plastics, food additives and pharmaceuticals.
Capric acid (C8-10) is naturally found in various animal and plant sources. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is a component of certain fats and oils, including coconut oil, palm oil, and goat's milk. 
In these natural sources, Capric acid (C8-10) is typically present as a part of triglycerides (fats).
Capric acid (C8-10) is often used in the cosmetics and personal care industry for its emollient and moisturizing properties. 

Capric acid (C8-10) can be found in skincare products, lotions, creams, and hair care products to provide hydration and softness to the skin and hair.
Capric acid (C8-10) can contribute to the flavor and aroma of certain foods. 
Capric acid (C8-10) has a slightly fruity and creamy taste and is used in flavoring agents for confectionery and dairy products.

Some proponents of alternative medicine and certain dietary approaches suggest that MCFAs, including Capric acid (C8-10), may have health benefits. 
They are sometimes included in nutritional supplements for potential benefits related to metabolism and energy.

Melting point: 27-32 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 268-270 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.893 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 15 mm Hg ( 160 °C)
refractive index: 1.4169

FEMA: 2364 | DECANOIC ACID
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
pka: 4.79±0.10(Predicted)

form: Crystalline Solid
color: White
PH: 4 (0.2g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: Odorless
Odor Type: fatty
Viscosity: 6mm2/s

Water Solubility: 0.15 g/L (20 º C)
Merck: 14,1758
JECFA Number: 105
BRN: 1754556
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with bases, reducing agents, oxidizing agents.
LogP: 4.1 at 20℃

Capric acid (C8-10) can be prepared from oxidation of primary alcohol decanol, by using chromium trioxide (CrO3) oxidant under acidic conditions.
Neutralization of Capric acid (C8-10) or saponification of its esters, typically triglycerides, with sodium hydroxide will give sodium decanoate. 
This salt (CH3(CH2)8COO-Na+) is a component of some types of soap.

Capric acid (C8-10) reacts exothermically to neutralize bases. 
Can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. 
May absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Capric acid (C8-10) to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. 

Reacts with cyanide salts or solutions of cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. 
Reacts exothermically with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides to generate flammable and/or toxic gases. 
Can react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. 

Reacts with carbonates and bicarbonates to generate a harmless gas (carbon dioxide). 
Can be oxidized exothermically by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents; a wide variety of products is possible. 
May initiate polymerization reactions or catalyze (increase the rate of) reactions among other materials.

Capric acid (C8-10) acts as a non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist at therapeutically relevant concentrations, in a voltage- and subunit-dependent manner, and this is sufficient to explain its antiseizure effects.
This direct inhibition of excitatory neurotransmission by Capric acid (C8-10) in the brain contributes to the anticonvulsant effect of the MCT ketogenic diet.
Capric acid (C8-10) and the AMPA receptor antagonist drug perampanel act at separate sites on the AMPA receptor, and so it is possible that they have a cooperative effect at the AMPA receptor, suggesting that perampanel and the ketogenic diet could be synergistic.

Capric acid (C8-10) may be responsible for the mitochondrial proliferation associated with the ketogenic diet, and that this may occur via PPARγ receptor agonism and its target genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis.
Complex 1 activity of the electron transport chain is substantially elevated by decanoic acid treatment.
Capric acid (C8-10) should however be noted that orally ingested medium chain fatty acids would be very rapidly degraded by first-pass metabolism by being taken up in the liver via the portal vein, and are quickly metabolized via coenzyme A intermediates through β-oxidation and the citric acid cycle to produce carbon dioxide, acetate and ketone bodies.

Whether the ketones, β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone have direct antiseizure activity is unclear.
Medium-chain fatty acids like Capric acid (C8-10) have been studied for their antimicrobial properties. 
They are believed to have the ability to disrupt the lipid membranes of certain microorganisms, potentially making them useful in applications related to food preservation and antimicrobial products.

Capric acid (C8-10) and other MCFAs are metabolized differently than long-chain fatty acids. 
They can be more rapidly absorbed and used as an energy source.
Capric acid (C8-10) (also known as Decanoic acid) is a medium-chain fatty acid (=MCFA) abundant in tropical oils such as coconut oil, whereas small amounts are present in milk of goat, cow, and human. 

The MCFAs are virtually nonexistent in meats because animals oxidize them very rapidly from plants consumed, and do not accumulate in the tissues.
Capric acid (C8-10) (decanoic acid) is a medium-chain fatty acid found in saturated fats (cow butter, and plant oils like coconut oil). 
Capric acid (C8-10) is a major constituent of the MCT ketogenic diet, providing about 40% of the medium chain fat within the diet. 

The acid is discussed to have positive effect on seizure control through direct AMPA receptor inhibition and on mitochondrial diseases through the binding to PPARgamma. 
Capric acid (C8-10) readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, probably by a combination of diffusion and saturable carrier-mediated transport via a medium-chain fatty acid transporter.

Uses Of Capric acid (C8-10):
Manufacturing of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. 
Also as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in organic synthesis and industrially in the manufacture of perfumes, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes, plastics, food additives and pharmaceuticals.
Pharmaceuticals.

Decanoate salts and esters of various drugs are available. 
Since decanoic acid is a fatty acid, forming a salt or ester with a drug will increase its lipophilicity and its affinity for fatty tissue. 
Since distribution of a drug from fatty tissue is usually slow, one may develop a long-acting injectable form of a drug (called a Depot injection) by using its decanoate form.

Some examples of drugs available as a decanoate ester or salt include nandrolone, fluphenazine, bromperidol, haloperidol and vanoxerine.
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in the manufacture of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. 
Capric acid (C8-10) is also used as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is used in organic synthesis and industrially in the manufacture of perfumes, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes, plastics, food additives and pharmaceuticals.
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in the preparation of ammonium decanoate (a surfactant) and for the preparation of disperse phase.
Capric acid (C8-10) is used in cosmetics, skincare products, and hair care items due to its emollient and moisturizing properties. 

Capric acid (C8-10) helps soften the skin and hair, providing hydration and a smooth texture.
Capric acid (C8-10) is employed in the fragrance industry to contribute to the aroma of certain scents. 
Capric acid (C8-10) can have a slightly creamy and fruity aroma, making it useful in creating fragrance compounds.

Capric acid (C8-10) is utilized in the food industry as a flavoring agent. 
Capric acid (C8-10) imparts a slightly fruity and creamy taste and is often found in confectionery products and dairy items.
In some pharmaceutical formulations, Capric acid (C8-10) is used as a binder or excipient to help bind the ingredients in tablets and capsules.

Medium-chain fatty acids like Capric acid (C8-10) are known for their potential antimicrobial properties. 
They can disrupt the lipid membranes of certain microorganisms, which makes them useful in food preservation and antimicrobial products.
Capric acid (C8-10), along with other medium-chain fatty acids, is sometimes included in dietary supplements. 

These supplements are promoted for their potential health benefits, such as improving metabolism and providing a quick source of energy.
Capric acid (C8-10) has applications in biotechnology and cell culture as a component of cell culture media for the growth and maintenance of certain cell types.
Capric acid (C8-10) can be used in the production of industrial lubricants due to its properties as a fatty acid.

In the mining industry, Capric acid (C8-10) and other fatty acids are used as flotation agents to help separate minerals from ore.
Capric acid (C8-10) can be used as a reagent in chemical synthesis for various reactions.
Some polymers may incorporate Capric acid (C8-10) in their structure for specific properties.

Capric acid (C8-10), in combination with other fatty acids, is used as an emulsifier in the food industry. 
Emulsifiers help mix ingredients that do not naturally combine, such as oil and water, to create stable and uniform food products.
Capric acid (C8-10) can enhance the overall flavor and aroma of certain food products. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is sometimes used in the formulation of bakery products, chocolates, and other confectioneries.
Capric acid (C8-10), as a medium-chain fatty acid, is considered a potential dietary source of energy for those following a ketogenic diet. 
The diet aims to promote the use of fat for energy rather than carbohydrates.

Some nutritional and weight management products contain Capric acid (C8-10) due to its potential to promote feelings of fullness and aid in weight management.
In intimate and personal care products, Capric acid (C8-10) is used as a lubricant to enhance comfort and reduce friction.
Capric acid (C8-10) is considered more environmentally friendly than some other chemicals, and it can be found in biodegradable and "green" products, including detergents, soaps, and cleaning agents.

Capric acid (C8-10) is used in some applications as a foaming agent to create stable foam in products like shaving creams, bath products, and cleaning solutions.
Capric acid (C8-10) can act as a solvent for various substances, making it useful in cleaning agents and degreasers.
In the craft industry, Capric acid (C8-10) is used in the production of candles and wax products to modify the properties of wax.

Safety Profile Of Capric acid (C8-10):
Capric acid (C8-10) may cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact. 
Capric acid (C8-10)'s important to minimize skin contact and wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and safety goggles, when handling concentrated Capric acid (C8-10).

Capric acid (C8-10) can produce vapors, and inhaling these vapors may cause respiratory irritation. 
Adequate ventilation should be provided in areas where Capric acid (C8-10) is used, and respiratory protection may be necessary in situations where exposure is significant.
Ingesting Capric acid (C8-10) is not recommended, and it should be kept away from the mouth. 

Capric acid (C8-10) is a fatty acid and can be combustible under certain conditions. 
While it is not highly flammable, it should be stored away from open flames, sparks, and high heat sources.
Capric acid (C8-10) should be stored away from incompatible substances, as it may react with certain chemicals and create hazardous conditions.

Capric acid (C8-10) is generally considered biodegradable and environmentally friendly, but it may pose a risk if released into water bodies in significant quantities. 
Proper disposal procedures should be followed to minimize environmental impact.